最后更新时间:2007-02-07 关键字: acegi,安全,acegi spring,authentication
最近两星期在学习acegi,过程中感谢JavaEye,SpringSide和在网上提供acegi学习心得的网友们。
为了加深自己的认识,准备写下一些DEMO,希望可以给准备学习acegi的同学一些帮助。
作为安全服务离不开认证和授权这两个主要组成部分。而这篇文章就是针对acegi的认证服务。
学习Acegi-认证(authentication)
代码环境基于:
JDK1.5
acegi1.0.3
spring2.0
IDE基于:
Eclipse3.2+MyEclipse5.0.1
面向人员:
熟悉Eclipse+MyEclipse开发但刚开始了解acegi的人员。如果你是高手请指出文章不足之处。
1.建立一个MyEclipse的WebProject,把下列jar文件拷贝到项目的WEB-INF/lib目录:
acegi-security-1.0.3.jar
spring2.0.jar
费话说一句(占些字数
):这是因为代码运行需要这两个包的支持。
2.修改WEB-INF下的web.xml文件,内容如下:
xml 代码
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
-
- <display-name>acegi Example of liuyxit</display-name>
-
-
-
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>
- classpath:spring/applicationContext.xml
- </param-value>
- </context-param>
-
-
- <filter>
- <filter-name>Acegi Filter Chain Proxy</filter-name>
- <filter-class>
- org.acegisecurity.util.FilterToBeanProxy
- </filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>targetClass</param-name>
- <param-value>
- org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy
- </param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>Acegi Filter Chain Proxy</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
-
- <!--
- 装载应用软件的Spring上下文
- 要由WebapplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationnContext(servletContext)得到.
- -->
- <listener>
- <listener-class>
- org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
- </listener-class>
- </listener>
- </web-app>
其中FilterChainProxy实现了filter接口,它主要是实例化FilterChainProxy,并把所有动作交由FilterChainProxy处理。这样简化了web.xml的配置,并且充分利用了Spring IOC管理Bean的优势。
3.在src目录右键新建一个resource folder,在下面再建立acegi和spring目录
在spring目录中创建applicationContext.xml文件,内容:
xml 代码
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"
- default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">
-
- <bean id="filterChainProxy" class="org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy">
- <property name="filterInvocationDefinitionSource">
- <value>
- CONVERT_URL_TO_LOWERCASE_BEFORE_COMPARISON
- PATTERN_TYPE_APACHE_ANT
- /** =authenticationProcessingFilter,exceptionTranslationFilter
- </value>
- </property>
- </bean>
-
-
-
- <bean id="authenticationProcessingFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.webapp.AuthenticationProcessingFilter">
- <property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"/>
- <property name="authenticationFailureUrl" value="/acegilogin.jsp?login_error=1"/>
- <property name="defaultTargetUrl" value="/userinfo.jsp"/>
- <property name="filterProcessesUrl" value="/j_acegi_security_check"/>
- </bean>
-
-
- <bean id="authenticationManager" class="org.acegisecurity.providers.ProviderManager">
- <property name="providers">
- <list>
- <ref local="daoAuthenticationProvider"/>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="daoAuthenticationProvider" class="org.acegisecurity.providers.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider">
- <property name="userDetailsService" ref="inMemoryDaoImpl"/>
- </bean>
-
- <bean id="inMemoryDaoImpl" class="org.acegisecurity.userdetails.memory.InMemoryDaoImpl">
- <property name="userMap">
- <value>
- liuyxit=123,ROLE_SUPERVISOR
- user1user1=user1,ROLE_USER
- user2user2=user2,disabled,ROLE_USER
- </value>
- </property>
- </bean>
-
- <bean id="exceptionTranslationFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.ExceptionTranslationFilter">
- <property name="authenticationEntryPoint">
- <bean class="org.acegisecurity.ui.webapp.AuthenticationProcessingFilterEntryPoint">
- <property name="loginFormUrl" value="/acegilogin.jsp"/>
- <property name="forceHttps" value="false"/>
- </bean>
- </property>
- <property name="accessDeniedHandler">
- <bean class="org.acegisecurity.ui.AccessDeniedHandlerImpl">
- <property name="errorPage" value="/accessDenied.jsp"/>
- </bean>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
- 其中filterChainProxy就是由web.xml声明的filter(FilterToBeanProxy)的targetClass。它主要是装载filterInvocationDefinitionSource指定的filter类(例子中为authenticationProcessingFilter,exceptionTranslationFilter),并顺序调用它们的doFilter方法,进行安全服务处理。
- 而authenticationProcessingFilter是处理一个认证表单,登陆用的表单必须提交用户名和密码这两个参数给这个filter.由用户名和密码构造一个UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken,将传给AuthenticationManager的authenticate方法进行认证处理。该filter默认处理filterProcessesUrl属性指定的URL,认证失败会转到authenticationFailureUrl,认证成功会转到defaultTargetUrl页面。
- AuthenticationManager顾名思义认证管理器,它只有一个接口方法authenticate用于返回认证结果,他的实现类由多个AuthenticationProvider进行投票,决定认证是否通过。
- daoAuthenticationProvider是检验用户录入的认证数据是否正确(说白了就是用户名和密码是否正确)
- inMemoryDaoImpl是给daoAuthenticationProvider提供系统的用户资料。而资料的来源是从配置中装载到内存的。
- 当认证不通过时,AuthenticationManager的实现类AbstractAuthenticationManager会抛出AuthenticationException类型的异常。这时排在最后的exceptionTranslationFilter会捕获该异常,并转向authenticationEntryPoint。
4.在WebRoot下创建index.jsp(其实不要也没关系,主要是为了方便),直接转向用户资料显示页。内容如下
java 代码
- <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="0;URL=userinfo.jsp">
- </head>
-
- <body>
- <p>Loading ...</p>
- </body>
- </html>
5.在WebRoot下创建userinfo.jsp,用于显示当前登陆的用户信息。内容如下
java 代码
- <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%@ page import="org.acegisecurity.context.SecurityContextHolder"%>
- <%@ page import="org.acegisecurity.userdetails.*"%>
-
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>My JSP 'pass.jsp' starting page</title>
-
- <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
- <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
- <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
- </head>
-
- <body>
- 当前用户:
- <%
- Object obj = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
- if (null != obj){
- Object userDetail = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
- String username = "";
- if (userDetail instanceof UserDetails) {
- username = ((UserDetails) userDetail).getUsername();
- } else {
- username = userDetail.toString();
- }
- out.print(username);
- out.print("<br><a href=\"j_acegi_logout\">注销</a>");
- }else{
- out.print("当前没有有效的用户");
- out.print("<br><a href=\"acegilogin.jsp\">登陆</a>");
- }
- %>
- </body>
- </html>
6.在WebRoot下创建acegilogin.jsp
java 代码
- <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%@ page import="org.acegisecurity.ui.AbstractProcessingFilter" %>
- <%@ page import="org.acegisecurity.ui.webapp.AuthenticationProcessingFilter" %>
- <%@ page import="org.acegisecurity.AuthenticationException" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>Login</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>Login</h1>
-
- <P>Valid users:
- <P>
- <P>username <b>liuyxit</b>, password <b>123</b> (supervisor)
- <P>username <b>user1</b>, password <b>user1</b> (normal user)
- <p>username <b>user2</b>, password <b>user2</b> (user disabled)
- <p>
- <%
- String strError = request.getParameter("login_error");
- if (null != strError){
- %>
- <font color="red">
- 你的登陆失败,请重试。<BR><BR>
- 原因: <%= ((AuthenticationException) session.getAttribute(AbstractProcessingFilter.ACEGI_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION_KEY)).getMessage() %>
- </font>
- <%
- }
- %>
-
- <form action="j_acegi_security_check" method="POST">
- <table>
- <tr><td>User:</td><td><input type='text' name='j_username' value='<%= session.getAttribute(AuthenticationProcessingFilter.ACEGI_SECURITY_LAST_USERNAME_KEY) %>'></td></tr>
- <tr><td>Password:</td><td><input type='password' name='j_password'></td></tr>
- <tr><td><input type="checkbox" name="_acegi_security_remember_me"></td><td>2周内自动登录</td></tr>
-
- <tr><td colspan='2'><input name="submit" type="submit"></td></tr>
- <tr><td colspan='2'><input name="reset" type="reset"></td></tr>
- </table>
- </form>
-
- </body>
- </html>
7.OK,发布项目,访问http://localhost:8080/acegiexample
这时index.jsp会自动转向userinfo.jsp,由于还没有用户登录,所以没有资料显示。按登陆链接进入登录页,登录成功后会看到显示用户名的页面(当然可以有更多的用户资料,但这仅仅是example),不成功时会在登录页提示信息。我们可以用user1和user2登陆,可以分别测试登录成功和失败的流程。
8.可以看到登录页上有自动登陆功能,而userinfo.jsp页有注销功能。但还是不起作用,好,现在我们马上首手加入这两个功能。看acegi可以方便到什么程度。修改applicationContext.xml为:
xml 代码
另要注意:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"
- default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">
-
-
- <bean id="filterChainProxy" class="org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy">
- <property name="filterInvocationDefinitionSource">
- <value>
- CONVERT_URL_TO_LOWERCASE_BEFORE_COMPARISON
- PATTERN_TYPE_APACHE_ANT
- /** =authenticationProcessingFilter,logoutFilter,rememberMeProcessingFilter,exceptionTranslationFilter
- </value>
- </property>
- </bean>
-
-
-
- <bean id="authenticationProcessingFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.webapp.AuthenticationProcessingFilter">
- <property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"/>
- <property name="authenticationFailureUrl" value="/acegilogin.jsp?login_error=1"/>
- <property name="defaultTargetUrl" value="/userinfo.jsp"/>
- <property name="filterProcessesUrl" value="/j_acegi_security_check"/>
- </bean>
-
-
- <bean id="rememberMeProcessingFilter"
- class="org.acegisecurity.ui.rememberme.RememberMeProcessingFilter">
- <property name="authenticationManager"
- ref="authenticationManager"/>
- <property name="rememberMeServices" ref="rememberMeServices"/>
- </bean>
- <bean id="rememberMeServices"
- class="org.acegisecurity.ui.rememberme.TokenBasedRememberMeServices">
- <property name="userDetailsService" ref="inMemoryDaoImpl"/>
- <property name="key" value="javargb"/>
- </bean>
- <bean id="rememberMeAuthenticationProvider"
- class="org.acegisecurity.providers.rememberme.RememberMeAuthenticationProvider">
- <property name="key" value="javargb"/>
- </bean>
-
-
- <bean id="logoutFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.logout.LogoutFilter">
- <constructor-arg value="/acegilogin.jsp"/>
- <constructor-arg>
- <list>
- <ref bean="rememberMeServices"/>
- <bean class="org.acegisecurity.ui.logout.SecurityContextLogoutHandler"/>
- </list>
- </constructor-arg>
- </bean>
-
-